The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other federal, state and local agencies have collected extensive environmental monitoring data from the World Trade Center site and nearby areas in Manhattan, Brooklyn and New Jersey. Since September 11, EPA has taken samples of the air, dust, water, river sediments and drinking water and analyzed them for the presence of pollutants that might pose a health risk to response workers at the World Trade Center site and the public. The samples are evaluated against a variety of benchmarks, standards and guidelines established to protect public health under various conditions. EPA is collecting data from more than 20 fixed air monitors in and around ground zero and additional monitors in the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Island. The Agency is also using portable sampling equipment to collect data from a range of locations.

Results as of 5:00 p.m. on 12/4

Air: Fixed Monitors in New York:

Asbestos - EPA analyzed 42 samples taken in and around ground zero on November 30 and December 1. In addition, EPA sampled for asbestos at three additional lower Manhattan locations on November 28 and 29 for a total of 48 samples. All samples showed results less than 70 structures per square millimeter, which is the Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA) standard for allowing children to re-enter school buildings after asbestos removal activities. This brings the total number of air samples collected and analyzed for lower Manhattan to 2,881, with 29 samples above the standard (27 of these above-standard readings were collected prior to September 30 and one was collected on October 9 and the other on November 27).

Air: Fixed Monitors outside lower Manhattan:

Asbestos - Additional asbestos monitors have been placed at Public School 154 (33 East 135th St., Bronx), Intermediate School 143 (511 W. 182nd St., Manhattan), P.S. 274 (800 Bushwick Ave, Brooklyn), P.S. 44 (80 Maple Parkway, Staten Island) and P.S. 199 (3290 48th St., Queens). Asbestos samples collected from November 28 and 29 from these locations showed no exceedances of the AHERA re-entry standard.

Air: Fixed Monitors in New Jersey:

Asbestos - Four air samples were taken in New Jersey on November 26. All samples showed results less than school re-entry standard. This brings the total number of samples collected and analyzed in New Jersey to 203, with zero above the standard.

Staten Island Landfill:

Air (Asbestos) - Fifteen samples were collected on November 18 and 19. All of these samples were below the school re-entry standard. Two samples taken at Wash Location #12A and Supply Tent Location #16 were not analyzed due to filter overloading.

Air (Particulates) - EPA used portable monitors to collect samples of particulates on December 3 at the Staten Island Landfill. No significant readings reported.

PM 2.5 - Monitoring for fine particulate matter (particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter) was conducted December 1 and 2 at Pace University, Borough of Manhattan Community College, and the Coast Guard building in Battery Park and on Wall Street. All 24-hour averages were below the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 65 ug/m3 for all stations. These results were also less than 40 ug/m3, a level on the EPA Air Quality Index indicating that air quality is unhealthy for sensitive populations (e.g., those with respiratory illnesses).

PM10 - Monitoring for particulate matter (particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter) was conducted on December 1 and 2 at a location on Wall Street. All 24-hour average values were below the National Ambient Air Quality Standard of 150 ug/m3.

Particulate Monitoring - EPA used portable monitors to collect samples on December 2 and 3 in the following locations: L (north east side of Stuyvesant High School); N (south side of Pier 25); and R (north west side of Stuyvesant High School). All readings were below the OSHA time-weighted permissible exposure limit for particulates.

VOCs - Sampling for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was conducted on December 2 and 3 in the direct area of the debris pile at ground zero. To protect workers at the work site, EPA takes grab samples of VOCs where smoke plumes have been sighted. The results are snapshots of the levels at a moment in time. OSHA's protective standards set a permissible exposure limit (PEL) averaged over an 8-hour day. Benzene exceeded the OSHA standard at two locations on the debris pile - the North Tower (Dec. 2 and 3) and the South Tower (Dec. 2). Four out of five other samples taken at EPA's Wash Tent (West St. and Murray) and Austin Tobin Plaza showed no detectable levels of benzene.

VOCs - EPA's Office of Research and Development (ORD) has been conducting some specialized monitoring at and around the World Trade Center site since late September. Some of the results of the monitoring, which have been subjected to an extensive quality assurance/quality control process have just been finalized and are now available. The findings are generally consistent with the ongoing monitoring that has been conducted since September 11. Here are the first results, which are from seven samples taken from September 22 to September 25 at West Broadway and Barclay (Location A), Trinity and Liberty (Location C) and West Street and Albany (Location K): three of seven samples – taken at Location A and C – showed levels of benzene above EPA's action level for cancer based on a 30-year exposure. Two of seven samples – taken at Location A and C – showed levels of benzene above EPA's non-cancer screening level, also based on a 30-year exposure. Three of seven samples – taken at Location A and C – showed levels of 1,3-butadiene above EPA's action level based on a 30-year exposure. No levels found exceeded EPA's action levels based on a 1-year exposure.

Direct Air Readings - No significant readings found on December 2 and 3.